When detecting AD from HC, the AUC for all direct variables except total recall were higher than 0.90. doi: 10.1016/S0887-6177(01)00185-8, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, Barrign, M. L., Rico-Romano, A. M., Ruiz-Gomez, M., Delgado-Gomez, D., Barahona, I., Aroca, F., et al. The testretest correlation coefficients were higher for the direct variables overall compared to the derived variables. The results of the comparison are shown in Table 6. The .gov means its official. 256, 183194. The Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS), an abbreviated form of the SLUMS, is a brief screening tool (<3 minutes) examining recall . J Am Geriatr Soc. doi: 10.1016/j.acn.2006.06.002, Woods, S. P., Scott, J. C., Conover, E., Marcotte, T. D., Heaton, R. K., Grant, I., et al. . Cognivue scores 50 avoid misclassification of impairment, and scores 75 avoid misclassification of unimpairment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019. When distinguishing between AD and HC groups, the AUC was higher than 0.90 for all variables except the total recall. Trials assessing the utility of Cognivue in other, specific patient populations are currently in progress. As previously described, the Cognivue quantitative assessment tool includes 3 sequentially automated sub-batteries (visuomotor ability, perceptual processing, and memory processing) over a brief 10 min session (Table (Table11 and Figure Figure1).1). (2016). In fact, patients often identify assistance in planning for future treatments as a factor influencing their willingness to be screened[22]. Independent deficits of visual word and motion processing in aging and early Alzheimer's disease. National Library of Medicine The results of this test may indicate a person is experiencing cognitive impairment and requires further evaluation.. Scatterplot showing first test scores (abscissa) and second test scores (ordinate) co-plotted with a Deming regression line (dashed) and 45 line (solid) for Cognivue and the St Louis University Mental Status. Cognitive screening in persons with chronic diseases in primary care: challenges and recommendations for practice. Careers. (2000). The SLUMS cut-off score of > 26 (unimpaired) corresponded to a Cognivue cut-off score of 78.5 (NPA = 0.5; PPA = 0.79). In the analysis of optimization by accuracy and error bias, the SLUMS cut-off score of < 21 (impaired) corresponded to a Cognivue cut-off score of 54.5 (NPA = 0.92; PPA = 0.64). For an exam or an assessment to be considered reliable, it must exhibit consistent results. (1985). Available from: Borson S, Scanlan JM, Watanabe J, Tu SP, Lessig M. Improving identification of cognitive impairment in primary care. Connor DJ, Jenkins CW, Carpenter D, Crean R, Perera P. Detection of Rater Errors on Cognitive Instruments in a Clinical Trial Setting. Veterans Affairs Saint Louis University Mental Status examination compared with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Short Test of Mental Status. Arch. The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Qualified health care professionals who have been trained by viewing a VA-produced video available online can use the form, and must be retrained annually. Link to Instrument Acronym SLUMS Area of Assessment Table 7. However, concerns have been raised about the reliability and validity of electronic tests compared to their traditional counterparts. Neuropsychol. The assessment of declining cognitive function due to age or dementia is often impeded by multiple factors such as testing bias, cost, poor measurement efficacy, test inconsistency, and test length. Nyberg, L. (1996). Preliminary study of the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Saint Louis University Mental Status Examination (SLUMS) in detecting cognitive impairment in patients with traumatic brain injury. Some tools also specifically require administration by a clinician, adding further constraint to routine testing in clinical practice. Psychiatry 33, 994999. Neuropsychol. The SLUMS takes longer to administer than other tests. 8600 Rockville Pike Introduction to the recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimers Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimers disease. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S42342, Petersen, R. C. (2004). Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Support for the SLUMS remains preliminary; however, it appears to have adequate validity, and adequate sensitivity and specificity in detecting cognitive impairment. Table 2 shows a detailed description of each variable. Paucity of psychometric data regarding its validity and reliability, the SLUMS test shows a strong discriminatory power in differentiating dementia (sensitivity: 94.74%, specificity: Res. MeSH the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Core tip: This study was designed to address the question of how to identify early cognitive impairment and how to monitor cognitive impairment over time with high reliability. Validation of HVLT-R, BVMT-R, and RBANS learning slope scores along the Alzheimers continuum. The objective of the subsequent FDA pivotal trial was to clinically validate the agreement between the Cognivue classifications and the SLUMS classifications, examine test-retest reliability, and determine the psychometric properties of the tests. Notably, the LM and the BVMT-R used in this study were administered in electronic format, and their reliability and validity have not yet been established, which could potentially impact the correlations between the tests. Conclusions: Additionally, the ability of Cognivue to monitor the deterioration of cognitive function over time is currently being assessed in longitudinal studies. Arch. Disclaimer. Br. doi: 10.1017/S1355617702813224, United Nations. The interarrival time between two phases is shown in Table 1. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acq060, Jack, C. R. Jr., Albert, M. S., Knopman, D. S., McKhann, G. M., Sperling, R. A., Carrillo, M. C., et al. New semantic and serial clustering indices for the California Verbal Learning TestSecond Edition: Background, rationale, and formulae. Prior research on the neural mechanisms of functional impairment in memory, aging, and dementia has led to the development of a novel computerized testing method. Psychometric validity of Cognivue was demonstrated vs. traditional neuropsychological tests. Spencer RJ, Noyes ET, Bair JL, Ransom MT. doi: 10.1080/09084282.2010.523377, Wang, H., Fan, Z., Shi, C., Xiong, L., Zhang, H., Li, T., et al. Work load is also reduced by the ability of Cognivue to track and monitor test outcomes over repeat testing over time. Results: (1) Reliability: the Cronbachs value was 0.94, the split-half reliability was 0.96. Cummings-Vaughn LA, Chavakula NN, Malmstrom TK, Tumosa N, Morley JE, Cruz-Oliver DM. Sin. Whereas for SLUMS, the relationships between scores and classifications across repeated testing were less robust than those for Cognivue. In contrast, only moderate correlation coefficients were found between long-delayed recall percent retained and semantic clustering among the derived variables, while all others were relatively low. 13, 348358. Cognivue may be less likely to under diagnose (reported with MMSE)[28], or over diagnosis mild cases of impairment (10% with MMSE, 25% with MoCA)[22]. Cognivue: Intercept of line: 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.27-13.84 (SE = 2.433; P = 0.0002); slope of line: 95%CI: 0.880-0.993 (SE = 0.0285; P = 0.0264); regression fit: R2 = 0.81 (r = 0.90). Available at: https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/undesa_pd_2022_wpp_key-messages.pdf, Vanderslice-Barr, J. L., Miele, A. S., Jardin, B., and McCaffrey, R. J. Cognivue eliminates these biases through its unique adaptive psychophysics technology, which focuses on whether the subject can detect and identify stimuli, including differentiating between different stimuli, and describing the magnitude or nature of the difference. 2023 Jul-Aug;30(4):409-413. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2021.1952414. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Methods The California verbal learning testsecond edition: test-retest reliability, practice effects, and reliable change indices for the standard and alternate forms. Table 4. Correlation analysis between the PAP and electronic versions of the HVLT-R showed that the correlation coefficients for all direct variables were significant, with only the correlation coefficient for the RDI being slightly below 0.30, while among the derived variables only the LDR percent retained and semantic clustering were above 0.30 (Table 5). Both are designed for use with the elderly. J. Psychiatry 197, 135140. Adult 23, 179185. It is calculated that the Cronbachs coefficient of the electronic version of HVLT-R is 0.94. Neuropsychol. The correlation coefficients of the two odd-even scores are 0.91 and 0.92, respectively, and the split-half reliability is 0.96 calculated by the Spearman-Brown formula. Copyright 2023 Jiang, Xu, Xia, Zhu, Zhou, Xu, Shi and Wu. Based on the 2 separate analysis techniques, it was determined that Cognivue scores between 55 and 64 corresponded to SLUMS scores indicating impaired (0 to 20), and Cognivue scores between 74 and 79 corresponded to SLUMS scores indicating unimpaired (27 to 30). Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. A preliminary study of the Saint Louis University Mental Status examination (SLUMS) for the assessment of cognition in moderate to severe traumatic brain injury patients. We used the total score of the HKBC, the scores of total recall (sum of correct responses on three immediate recall trials) and delayed recall of the BVMT-R, and the mean scores of immediate and delayed recall of the LM in our analyses. Thus, this study examined the . Sample 2: 44 subjects from Sample 1 were selected to complete the electronic version of the test battery again 36months later to examine the testretest reliability, of which 2 participants who did not complete the delayed recall were removed from analysis. Compared to its alternatives (e.g., Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] and Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA]), little is known about the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. Scores on the HVLT-R correlated most strongly with the LM scores. Overall, the findings provide sufficient evidence that the electronic version of the HVLT-R has concurrent validity to justify its use in clinical neuropsychological assessments. In May 2023, Frontiers adopted a new reporting platform to be Counter 5 compliant, in line with industry standards. In addition, we compared the correlation coefficients for the PAP and Pad with the testretest coefficients for the Pad-HVLT-R, found that the two were similar and that the correlation coefficients for the PAP and Pad format were lower than the testretest coefficients except for the perseverations, which maybe since the variations in scores between PAP and Pad came not only from random variation but also from variation in the construct between assessments. doi: 10.1207/S15324826AN0803_8, Lewandowsky, S., Oberauer, K., Yang, L. X., and Ecker, U. K. (2010). The SLUMS test consists of 11 questions that cover memory and attention. These studies demonstrated either the equivalence or superiority of SLUMS. Longitudinal follow-up studies are underway to assess the ability of Cognivue to monitor cognitive deterioration over time. All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Mapstone M, Dickerson K, Duffy CJ. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The .gov means its official. Since previous findings have shown a significant effect of age and education on the HVLT (Shi et al., 2012; Duff, 2016; Ryan et al., 2021), in this study we used the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) in SPSS 22.0 to select two healthy groups in Sample 1 that matched the age and education of the aMCI and AD groups, respectively, to reduce the effect of age and education. Part 1: Validation analyses: A total of 401 participants completed at least 1 testing session, and based on SLUMS score, 30% were unimpaired (> 26), 43% were mildly impaired (26-21), and 27% were impaired (< 21). Psychol. Correlation analysis of the PAP-HVLT-R with the Pad-HVLT-R. We rigorously compared the performance of the Pad-HVLT-R between HC and aMCI and AD groups. The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R; Benedict et al., 1998) is a popular neuropsychological test for episodic memory (Rabin et al., 2016), comprising 12 items. CLINICIAN'S SIGNATURE DATE TIME HigH ScHooL EdUcation LESS tHan HigH ScHooL EdUcation 27-30 Normal 25-30 Additional research with diverse samples is needed to characterize the psychometrics of the SLUMS more comprehensively. Clin. The test-retest results of this trial suggest that Cognivue may help eliminate or reduce the effect of memorization and human error/variability on retest reliability[7], while the retests with SLUMS showed a lower degree of retest reliability. Distinct visual motion processing impairments in aging and Alzheimer's disease. doi: 10.1093/arclin/act004, Gu, D., Wang, L., Zhang, N., Wang, H., and Yu, X. Q1-Q3: Attention, immediate recall, and orientation Q4 and Q7: Delayed recall with interference Q5: Numeric calculation and registration Q6: Memory: immediate recall with interference (time constraint) Q8: Registration and digit span Q9: Visual spatial Q10: Visual spatial and executive function These studies demonstrated the safety and efficacy of Cognivue, which is the first FDA-cleared test for the automated computerized assessment of cognitive functioning. Two different optimization methods were used to determine the cut-off values for Cognivue scores that corresponded to the SLUMS classifications unimpaired, intermediate (mildly impaired), and impaired. This was complimented by clinical research demonstrating letter, word, and motion perceptual deficits in patients with Alzheimers disease[11-14]. Before Neuropsychol. Comput. Table 4 presents the correlation coefficients between the Pad-HVLT-R and the HKBC, BVMT-R, and LM. To further determine the discriminant ability of the Pad-HVLT-R to detect aMCI and AD patients from the healthy population, we calculated the AUC which is typically rated as acceptable (0.700.79), good (0.800.89), excellent (0.900.99) or perfect (1.0; Carter et al., 2016). In clinical samples, the results showed that the Pad-HVLT-R was effective in assessing verbal memory function and its impairment, and sensitive to changes in memory ability in AD patients, but not as effective in differentiating between aMCI patients and the healthy population. Individual scores for study participants are shown in Figure Figure2.2. A new graphical tool to detect non-normality. Instrumental Activities of Daily . The highest correlation was observed for total recall (r=0.62) and the lowest coefficient of retest was observed for the index of RDI (r=0.38). Clin. Improved prognosis and decreased morbidity may be possible with an earlier implementation of management strategies in patients with cognitive impairment identified earlier in its course. Early Alzheimer's disease blocks responses to accelerating self-movement. This suggests a significant categorical relationship between Cognivue and SLUMS scores. Deviations from data patterns and anomalous results or . The total and long-delayed recall of the HVLT-R correlated most strongly with the corresponding variables of the LM. Clin. ThePsychological Assessment is one of 8 domains of the, Back To : Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment. Clin. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Perry W, Lacritz L, Roebuck-Spencer T, Silver C, Denney RL, Meyers J, McConnel CE, Pliskin N, Adler D, Alban C, Bondi M, Braun M, Cagigas X, Daven M, Drozdick L, Foster NL, Hwang U, Ivey L, Iverson G, Kramer J, Lantz M, Latts L, Ling SM, Maria Lopez A, Malone M, Martin-Plank L, Maslow K, Melady D, Messer M, Most R, Norris MP, Shafer D, Silverberg N, Thomas CM, Thornhill L, Tsai J, Vakharia N, Waters M, Golden T. Population Health Solutions for Assessing Cognitive Impairment in Geriatric Patients. Equivalence of computerized and traditional research methods: the roles of scanning, social environment, and social desirability. Predictors of dementia misclassification when using brief cognitive assessments. Conflict-of-interest statement: Dr. Cahn-Hidalgo has acted as a consultant and speaker for Cognivue Inc. Estes PW and Dr. Benabou are employees of Cognivue Inc. STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE statement checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE statement checklist of items. Alzheimers Dement. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1506741, Gonzlez-Palau, F., Franco, M., Jimnez, F., Parra, E., Bernate, M., and Solis, A. Objectives: Compared to its alternatives (e.g., Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] and Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA]), little is known about the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination. Boise L, Camicioli R, Morgan DL, Rose JH, Congleton L. Diagnosing dementia: perspectives of primary care physicians. Stability in test-usage practices of clinical neuropsychologists in the United States and Canada over a 10-year period: a follow-up survey of INS and NAN members. However, traditional paper-and-pencil tests can be time-consuming and challenging to administer remotely. The testretest reliability coefficients of the direct variables were relatively high, with total recall and short-delayed recall being the highest. 28, 245253. Learning and memory in normal aging. (2021). Appl. A brief dementia screener suitable for use by non-specialists in resource poor settingsthe cross-cultural derivation and validation of the brief community screening instrument for dementia. Clinical implications: This ensures that only cognition is evaluated, and the subject is not at a disadvantage because of visual or motor deficits. : 14-05198-EF-1. Reliability analyses showed similar scores across repeated testing for Cognivue (R2 = 0.81; r = 0.90) and SLUMS (R2 = 0.67; r = 0.82). Soc. Psychiatry 15, 317324. Appl Neuropsychol Adult. Cognivue is a physiological and psychophysical computerized tool for the automated assessment of cognitive functioning that is not dependent on traditional question-and-answer testing. Cases with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimers disease fail to benefit from repeated exposure to episodic memory tests as compared with controls. These results do not count towards the final score. government site. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. Changes in some of 20-to 90-year-old adults memory activities. Therefore, the findings suggest that the electronic HVLT-R is a reliable tool for episodic memory assessment. 8600 Rockville Pike doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.110.077958. Cogn. Study subjects gave informed consent for anonymized data sharing. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Keywords: reliability, validity, Alzheimers disease, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), computerized applications, Citation: Jiang L, Xu M, Xia S, Zhu J, Zhou Q, Xu L, Shi C and Wu D (2023) Reliability and validity of the electronic version of the Hopkins verbal learning test-revised in middle-aged and elderly Chinese people. Regression analyses of test-retest reliability produced similar scores across repeat testing for Cognivue (regression fit: R2 = 0.81; r = 0.90) (Figure (Figure3A)3A) and SLUMS (regression fit: R2 = 0.67; r = 0.82) (Figure (Figure3B3B). Schneider, W., and Pressley, M. (2013). With its unique adaptive psychophysics technology, Cognivue provides a computerized tool for the automated assessment of cognitive functioning free from many of the biases and limitations of the more traditional paper and pencil methods such as sensitivity, subjectivity, test-retest reliability, and educational, language, gender, and cultural biases. Assess. Zhang S, Wu YH, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Cheng Y. Appl Neuropsychol Adult. First, the reliability of the Pad-HVLT-R was evaluated using internal consistency, split-half reliability, and testretest reliability. Interv. In conclusion, Cognivue scores 50 and 75 were consistent with conservative standards for impaired and unimpaired, respectively, in the cut-off study. Regression analyses for agreement and retest reliability, and rank linear regression and factor analysis for psychometric comparisons, among others were performed (Table (Table22). Saint Louis University Mental Status Examination; cognitive screening; psychometrics of tests. Received 2019 Jun 20; Revised 2019 Nov 14; Accepted 2019 Nov 26. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.12.029, Chiu, H. F. K., Zhong, B. L., Leung, T., Li, S. W., Chow, P., Tsoh, J., et al. For example, Lewandowsky et al. These are used only to adapt subsequent tests, and therefore, eliminate bias related to visual and motor deficits and assessing only the individuals cognitive function. Summary of Cognivue cut-off score analysis. Participants in this study were stratified according to SLUMS score (> 26 = unimpaired, 26-21 = mildly impaired, and < 21 = impaired)[15]. It is not intended to be used as a diagnostic tool. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Patnode CD, Perdue LA, Rossom RC, Rushkin MC, Redmond N, Thomas RG, Lin JS. The SLUMS Exam is a clinician administered examination used to identify persons who have dementia or Mild Neurocognitive Impairment. The long-delayed recall trial was followed by a recognition trial. Int. Methods: We included 1,925 healthy participants aged over 40, among whom 38 were retested after 36 months. Cognivue is a safe and effective automated method for identifying and tracking cognitive impairment in a more convenient and efficient manner than traditional question and answer paper and pencil testing. Verbal learning in Alzheimers disease: cumulative word knowledge gains across learning trials. An official website of the United States government. (2020). World population prospects 2022: Ten key. Am J Geriatr Psych 14:900-10, 2006. Sensitivity and specificity of neuropsychological tests for mild cognitive impairment, vascular cognitive impairment and Alzheimers disease. Normative performance of older individuals on the Hopkins verbal learning test-revised (HVLT-R) according to ethno-racial group, gender, age and education level. Age-specific and sex-specific prevalence and incidence of mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and Alzheimer dementia in blacks and whites: a report from the Einstein Aging Study. Analyzing the 3 SLUMS classifications separately yielded PPAs of 87% for impaired, 55% for mildly impaired, and 51% for unimpaired. DW and CS designed this study. The validation study demonstrates good agreement between Cognivue and SLUMS; superior reliability; and good psychometric validity. 11, 6575. or test measures something. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acw007, Ryan, J., Woods, R. L., Murray, A. M., Shah, R. C., Britt, C. J., Reid, C. M., et al. Participants in the first study completed both the SLUMS and Cognivue tests. Clin. doi: 10.3109/02699052.2012.694561, Onoda, K., Hamano, T., Nabika, Y., Aoyama, A., Takayoshi, H., Nakagawa, T., et al. Table 1. Neuropsychol. Status of computerized cognitive testing in aging: a systematic review. The CNCB also included the Hong Kong Brief Cognitive Test (HKBC; Chiu et al., 2018), the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-revised (BVMT-R; Benedict et al., 1996), the Logical Memory Test (LM) of the Wechsler Adult Memory Scale-Chinese Revision (WMS-RC; Wang et al., 2015). Briefly, the participants completed a standardized neuropsychological assessment, underwent clinical interviews and brain imaging examinations, and received a clinical diagnosis by a memory specialist. Cognivue is Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared for use as an adjunctive tool to aid in assessing cognitive impairment in subjects aged 55-95 years and is not intended to be used alone for diagnostic purposes. government site. The SLUMS test was studied in a VA population and found to have high sensitivity (98-100%) and specificity (98-100%) with adjustment for education. ROC-ing along: evaluation and interpretation of receiver operating characteristic curves. Memory development between two and twenty. The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation. Home-versus acquired-language test performance on the Hopkins verbal learning test-revised among multilingual south Africans. Distinct mechanisms of impairment in cognitive ageing and Alzheimer's disease. SLUMS: St. Louis University Mental Status. The Saint Louis University Mental Status Examination (SLUMS) is an 11-item, 30-point clinician-administered cognitive screening test with good sensitivity and specificity for both dementia. Appl. Therefore, Cognivue scores 50 provide a conservative standard consistent with cognitive impairment that will avoid misclassification of an individual that is impaired, and scores 75 provide a conservative cut-off consistent with no impairment that will avoid misclassification of an individual that is unimpaired (Table (Table33). In this study, the normal probability plot was used to assess whether or not the data are approximately normally distributed (Ghosh, 1996). SLUMS, the Saint Louis University Mental Status Examination, is a screening test for Alzheimer's disease and other kinds of dementia. Utility of the SLUMS as a cognitive screening tool among a nonveteran sample of older adults. The subsequent 2 sub-batteries include perceptual processing (letter, word, shape, and motion discrimination), and memory processing (letter, word, shape, and motion memory). Revised on January 30, 2023. Statistical analysis and dataset available from the corresponding author at rbenabou@cognivue.com. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Subjects were invited via posters and email to complete both the SLUMS (reference standard) and Cognivue tests. Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: An Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [Internet]. Revista de Psiquiatra y Salud Mental. Psychol. In addition, we separately calculated the Cronbachs alpha coefficients for the PAD and PAP data of Sample 3. The results showed moderately significant correlations between the direct variables, with the exception of the recognition discrimination index. Clinical utility of the Hopkins verbal test-revised for detecting Alzheimers disease and mild cognitive impairment in Spanish population. J. Intern. The use of the Hopkins verbal learning test for the evaluation of mild dementia in medical and rehabilitation settings: An analysis of construct and concurrent validity. The optimal balance between sensitivity and specificity was achieved when the cut-off score for long-delayed recall was 1.50, at which point the specificity was good (0.930) and the sensitivity was moderate (0.791). official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Development and validation of a new cognitive screening test: the Hong Kong brief cognitive test (HKBC). Front. The factor analysis converged in six iterations to yield a five factor solution showing Cognivue scores most closely correlated with the following types of measures: verbal processing (animal naming and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test), manual dexterity and speed (Peg Board), visual acuity (contrast sensitivity), visuospatial and executive function (Trail Making Test-B and judgment of line orientation), and speed and sequencing (Trail Making Test-A) (Table (Table55). Updated demographically adjusted norms for the brief Visuospatial memory test-revised and Hopkins verbal learning test-revised in Spanish-speakers from the U.S.-Mexico border region: the NP-NUMBRS project. Participants completed Cognivue, SLUMS, and an array of traditional neuropsychological tests (Table (Table2).2). The administration process of the PAP-HVLT-R can be found in Benedict et al.s paper (Benedict et al., 1998). Regarding convergent validity, we used a crossover design to control for possible order effects. (2019). Thus, several studies have begun exploring the validity and clinical relevance of the SLUMS, revealing a stronger performance than the MMSE in some domains and a weaker performance in others. Administered by :Healthcare provider or self administered. A total of 90 peer-reviewed articles on the SLUMS were identified from PsycINFO and PubMed databases. 19:206. doi: 10.1186/s12883-019-1435-y, Lonie, J. What does the SLU Mental Status Exam Test Do? In conclusion, the electronic version of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised has good reliability and validity, and can be used in clinical and basic research to assess the verbal memory function of middle-aged and older Chinese people. J. Clin. In clinical practice, physician clinical judgment is less effective than structured tools for the recognition of mild cognitive impairment[25]. Cognivue is also being studied in other patient populations and specific disease states such as multiple sclerosis[30]. . Studies have shown that memory exhibits a decreasing tendency with age, starting around age of 50 and becoming more marked after age 70 (Xu et al., 1985). They are used only to adapt the remaining sub-tests to the response characteristics of the individual subject. The Cognivue validation study demonstrated good agreement between Cognivue and the SLUMS test; good test-retest reliability of Cognivue test results; and validated the psychometric properties of the Cognivue test battery compared to traditional neuropsychological tests. Res. We are grateful to the older people in China who participated in this study and to the community workers who helped us contact with these participants. Scores were most closely correlated with measures of verbal processing, manual dexterity/speed, visual contrast sensitivity, visuospatial/executive function, and speed/sequencing. Table 3. Correlation values for the testretest of the Pad-HVLT-R variables. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acab023, Hogervorst, E., Combrinck, M., Lapuerta, P., Rue, J., Swales, K., and Budge, M. (2002). Schizophr. 35, 374395. As the global population ages, memory decline and impairment become more common. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Internal Medicine of Brighton, Rochester, NY 14623, United States, Cognivue Inc., Victor, NY 14564, United States, Cognivue Inc., Victor, NY 14564, United States.moc.euvingoc@uobanebr, Corresponding author: Reina Benabou, MD, PhD, Cognivue Inc., 7911 Rae Blvd, Victor, NY 14564, United States. Bookshelf There are some limitations in this study: (1) There was a design flaw in the computerized test system upfront, leading to the loss of some data due to the failure of a few subjects to complete delayed recall, which has now been corrected; (2) The sample size of AD and aMCI cases included in this study was small and their education level was high (73% of aMCI patients had more than 9 years of education), which limited the follow-up analysis of different ages and education levels; (3) Due to practical constraints, we did not collect data on patients performance on the PAP version. 33, 10391050. (2021). The instructions are standardized, allowing for ease of use by clinic staff. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. As such, the present study sought to examine the reliability and validity of the electronic version of the HVLT-R in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals, providing a scientific basis for its future use in research or clinical settings. They indicate how well a method, technique. The results are broadly similar to those described by Barr (2003) and the work of Woods et al. This research was funded by This study was supported by Cognivue, Inc. Epub 2014 Jun 10. Cognivue subjects are unable to memorize answers due to the adaptive nature of the test. Construct and concurrent validity of the Hopkins verbal learning testrevised. 2018 Alzheimers disease facts and figures. Summary of the purpose and analyses of the components of the Food and Drug Administration pivotal clinical trial of Cognivue. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the The SLUMS cut-off score for unimpaired (> 26) minimized to 0.324 at a Cognivue cut-off score of 73.5 (NPA = 0.68; PPA = 0.67). All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version. The clinical utility of the Hopkins verbal learning test as a screening test for mild dementia. Factor analysis component matrix for the neuropsychological test scores indicating correlations with Cognivue. Exp. Would you like email updates of new search results? The MATRICS consensus cognitive battery (MCCB): co-norming and standardization in China. Internal Medicine of Brighton, Rochester, NY 14623, United States. Results of the cut-off determination study were used to group the participants, with subjects in the intermediate categories (low to moderate impairment) being combined with the unimpaired category for each testing modality. Aging 8, 353360. The validation study enrolled 401 adults 55 to 95 years of age at risk for age-related cognitive decline or dementia residing in independent-living communities who were invited via posters and email. Predicting outcome in mild cognitive impairment: 4-year follow-up study. DOI https://doi.org/10.57709/5272343 Recommended Citation Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Western Institutional Review Boards (WIRB). BACKGROUND doi: 10.1177/1073191104270342. Epub 2019 Oct 24. The electronic version of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) as a test with these advantages and its reliability and validity has not yet been tested. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.09.003, Shi, J., Tian, J., Wei, M., Miao, Y., and Wang, Y. Components of the Cognivue quantitative assessment tool. While experts established test, in which people are asked to report as are still refining the clinical guidelines that define MCI, they many animals as they can in 60 seconds. Results: FOIA (2012). A test taker can get the same score no matter how, where, or when they take it, within reason. Design: Prospective validation study. Int. (2018). 154161. 2021 Nov-Dec;28(6):633-640. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2019.1680986. (2005) but lower than those reported by Benedict et al. In the second study, Cognivue demonstrated good validity and psychometric properties, as well as superior test-retest reliability compared to the SLUMS. Subjects completed the non-verbal tests in-between delayed recall sessions to avoid interference. In the group comparison, the independent samples t-test was used for normal data and the MannWhitney U-test was used for non-normality. Subjects had to be over 40years of age and were excluded if they scored <7 on the brief Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSI-D; Prince et al., 2011), had any medical condition that might interfere with cognition or had a related neurological disorder or major psychiatric disorder that could impact cognitive function (e.g., severe audiovisual impairment; history of drug or alcohol abuse; clear history of severe cerebrovascular disease (including cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction), Parkinsons syndrome, epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and other neuropsychiatric disorders; severe head trauma, carbon monoxide poisoning). Saint louis university mental status examination; assessment; cognitive screening; dementia; psychometrics. Cognivue is self-administered by the patient and can be initiated by non-clinician support staff. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity. Suggests cutoff scores for minimal cognitive impairment and dementia. Alzheimer's Association recommendations for operationalizing the detection of cognitive impairment during the Medicare Annual Wellness Visit in a primary care setting. The best sensitivity and specificity were achieved when the cut-off score for the total recall was 16.50. Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: An Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [Internet]. Schrijnemaekers, A., de Jager, C. A., Hogervorst, E., and Budge, M. (2006). Surgery 159, 16381645. Table 6. Similar analysis for SLUMS scores yielded an adjusted linear R2 of 0.65 (Figure (Figure4B4B). Zadikoff C, Fox SH, Tang-Wai DF, Thomsen T, de Bie RM, Wadia P, Miyasaki J, Duff-Canning S, Lang AE, Marras C. A comparison of the mini mental state exam to the Montreal cognitive assessment in identifying cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease. Clinical implications: A number of studies have supported the reliability and validity of the HVLT-R, including evidence of the testretested reliability (Benedict et al., 1998; Barr, 2003; ONeil-Pirozzi et al., 2012; Shi et al., 2015), concurrent validity (Shapiro et al., 1999), convergent validity (Lacritz et al., 2001; Kordes, 2004), and discriminant capacity (Frank and Byrne, 2000; Foster et al., 2009; Lonie et al., 2010; Gonzlez-Palau et al., 2013). Neuropsychol. The optimal sensitivity and specificity were achieved when the cut-off score of the long-delayed recall was 1.50 (out of a maximum score of 12). Arch. Would you like email updates of new search results? This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1314202). During the learning and delayed recall trials, the screen displays 12 word buttons, with additional buttons such as repeat, other word, not attempted, and undo located below. doi: 10.1159/000048628, Hoskins, L. L., Binder, L. M., Chaytor, N. S., Williamson, D. J., and Drane, D. L. (2010). The site is secure. Epub 2021 Aug 9. Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment by multiple classifications: The Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team (MYHAT) project. The 2017 Geriatric Summit on Assessing Cognitive Disorders Among the Aging Population sponsored by the National Academy of Neuropsychology, emphasized the importance of ongoing screening, and the need for automated tools for assessing and recording patients results over time[26]. Disord. Brain Inj. 35, 11741190. The questionnaire included: age, sex, years of education, marital status, prior psychiatric history, family history of dementia, history of physical diseases, etc. The Hopkins verbal learning test and screening for dementia. ACC: Accuracy; FN: False negative; FP: False positive; N%A: Negative percent agreement; P%A: Positive percent agreement; SLUMS: St. Louis University Mental Status; TN: True negative; TP: True positive. Conclusions: The Cognivuevalidation study demonstrated good agreement between Cognivueand the SLUMS test; good test-retest reliability of Cognivuetest results; and validated the psychometric properties of the Cognivuetest battery compared to traditional neuropsychological tests. Variables selected for analysis, conceptual detail. Table 8. 8600 Rockville Pike Soc. Recent recommendations recognized that cognitive impairment occurs on a continuum, progressing from age-related decline, to mild cognitive impairment, and to dementia[22]. Aging 18, 318331. At the start of the test, the Pad automatically reads out the instructions in standard Mandarin, and when the subject clicks to confirm the test, the Pad starts to read out the list at a rate of one word every 2 s, and three immediate recall trials are performed. However, the results showed a relatively low discrimination capacity of the Pad-HVLT-R to detecting aMCI cases from HC group. 13, 1320. Thus, this study examined the reliability and validity of the electronic version of the HVLT-R in middle-aged and elderly Chinese people to provide a scientific basis for its future dissemination and use. Methods: Results: Content :The SLUMS consists of 11 items, and measures aspects of cognition that include orientation, short-term memory, calculations, the naming of animals, theclock drawingtest, and recognition of geometric figures. Keywords: moc.euvingoc@uobanebr. Clin. The five factor scores for each participant were used in a multiple linear regression analyses for Cognivue scores and yielded an adjusted linear R2 of 0.67 (Figure (Figure4A).4A). The Cronbachs alpha coefficient for trial 1 to trial 5 was used to measure internal consistency, and split-half reliability was assessed by correlating the two odd-even scores (test 1+3 vs. test 2+4, test 2+4 vs. test 3+5) of Sample 1. During the recognition trial, the experimenter reads out the 24 words on the screen in sequence and selects the correct or incorrect button based on the participants response. Neuropsychol. Cao L, Hai S, Lin X, Shu D, Wang S, Yue J, Liu G, Dong B. The present study aimed to establish the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of RCS (RCS-T) in patients with impaired cognitive status. Bookshelf doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.18.2.318, Stricker, J. L., Brown, G. G., Wixted, J., Baldo, J. V., and Delis, D. C. (2002). (2015). J. Int. Accessibility The Cronbachs alpha was 0.94 and the split-half reliability was 0.96, indicating good internal consistency reliability of the electronic version of HVLT-R. Petersen RC, Roberts RO, Knopman DS, Geda YE, Cha RH, Pankratz VS, Boeve BF, Tangalos EG, Ivnik RJ, Rocca WA. Psychometric analysis: This analysis was based on data from the 401 participants who had completed at least one testing session which included Cognivue, SLUMS, and a battery of other traditional neuropsychological tests. 24, 6971. Neuropsychol. It's . We evaluated the capacity of the electronic version of the HVLT-R to distinguishing aMCI and AD cases from HC group. Overall, the testretest reliability of the electronic version of the HVLT-R direct variables is moderate, but of some derived variables is low. J R Stat Soc Series B 58, 691702. Testre-test reliability of the Hopkins verbal learning test-revised in individuals with traumatic brain injury. Classifying human long-term memory: evidence from converging dissociations. It also showed a high correlation with the LM, with correlation coefficients of 0.72 for total recall and 0.62 for long-delayed recall; (3) Convergent validity: the Pad-HVLT-R was moderately correlated with the PAP version, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.29 to 0.53 for direct variables and 0.15 to 0.43 for derived variables; (4) Discriminant capacity: the Pad-HVLT-R was effective in differentiating AD patients, as demonstrated by the ROC analysis with AUC values of 0.834 and 0.934 for total recall and long-delayed recall, respectively. The dynamic, adaptive technology avoids memorization issues associated with current paper and pencil tests. (2005). Table 8 shows the AUC, cut-off score, sensitivity, and specificity of the direct variables of the Pad-HVLT-R for the aMCI and AD patients, respectively. Hopkins verbal learning testrevised: normative data and analysis of inter-form and test-retest reliability. The lower number of perseverations on the PAP compared to the Pad version may be because of the fact that the electronic version is more convenient to record, allowing for a quick recording of all of the subjects responses without omission. The experimenter selects the appropriate button by clicking on it. An analysis omitting the intermediate groups as being indeterminate showed a stronger relationship between Cognivue and SLUMS categories for impaired or unimpaired, with a PPA of 82% (95%WI, 0.72-0.89) and a NPA of 98% (95%WI, 0.93-0.99). Comparison of demographic data and Pad-HVLT-R scores of the HC and AD group. Feliciano L, Horning SM, Klebe KJ, Anderson SL, Cornwell RE, Davis HP. When these scores were used in the clinical trial also reported here, Cognivue was shown to have good validity and psychometric properties, and superior test- retest reliability compared to SLUMS. Translations: SLUMS is available in other languages, access. Therefore, conservatively, Cognivue scores of 55-64 corresponded to impairment, and 74-79 to no impairment. Ganguli M, Chang CC, Snitz BE, Saxton JA, Vanderbilt J, Lee CW. Exclusion criteria included the presence of motor or visual disabilities and the inability to provide informed consent. Cordell CB, Borson S, Boustani M, Chodosh J, Reuben D, Verghese J, Thies W, Fried LB Medicare Detection of Cognitive Impairment Workgroup. The HVLT-R has been demonstrated to be suitable for different ethnic groups and individuals with significant cognitive impairment (Shi et al., 2012; Scott et al., 2020; Daz-Santos et al., 2021), with high classification accuracy and effectiveness in evaluating healthy elderly populations (Ryan et al., 2021), patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; Gonzlez-Palau et al., 2013; Hammers et al., 2022), Alzheimers disease (AD) patients (Shapiro et al., 1999; Gmez-Gallego and Gmez-Garca, 2019; Hammers et al., 2022), and dementia patients (Frank and Byrne, 2000; Hogervorst et al., 2002; Foster et al., 2009; Liao et al., 2019). The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The study to determine Cognivue cut-off scores for the classification of cognitive impairment enrolled 92 adults 55 to 95 years of age from assisted and independent-living communities who were at risk for age-related cognitive decline or dementia. Although the Cronbachs coefficient of the electronic version was slightly lower than that of the paper-pencil version calculated in Sample 3, both versions still exceeded the recommended threshold of 0.70 for internal consistency reliability. Table 2. Ment. 2014 Jul;62(7):1341-6. doi: 10.1111/jgs.12874. Fernandez R, Duffy CJ. J. Glob. According to a recent report by the United Nations (World Population Prospects 2022: 10 Key; United Nations, 2022), China is currently undergoing an aging process due to rising life expectancy and declining fertility rates. Noyes ET, Major S, Wilson AM, Campbell EB, Ratcliffe LN, Spencer RJ. Optimization methods used to determine cut-off values included a minimization algorithm to optimize the negative percent agreement and positive percent agreement between test scores in the objective function and a minimization algorithm with two measures in the objective function (inaccuracy, error bias). doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.8.2.145, Carter, J. V., Pan, J., Rai, S. N., and Galandiuk, S. (2016). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Barr, W. B. and transmitted securely. Tariq SH, Tumosa N, Chibnall JT, Perry MH, 3rd, Morley JE. Tools for assessing cognitive function decline are often limited by issues of measurement efficacy[1-5], testing bias[5,6], inconsistent retest reliability[7], or cost[8]. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. The SLUMS appears to be an efficient method for approximating global cognitive functioning among medically complex older adults. J. Geriatr. Reliability is about the consistency of a measure, and validity is about the accuracy of a measure.opt (2003). Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 22.0. Cognivue quantitative sub-batteries. Reliability and Factor Structure of the Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination. J. Neuroinflammation. Until its psychometric properties are better established the SLUMS should be used cautiously when screening for cognitive impairment. Takes into account potential education effects by providing different cutoff scores for those with less than a high school education and those with high school or more education. 10, 160167. 21, 413420. (1995). Studies that included at least one psychometric property of the SLUMS (n = 20) were included in this review. The .gov means its official. A limitation of the present studies validating Cognivue is the use of a single reference standard, SLUMS. Studies show cognitive issues such as Alzheimers disease and other dementias confer substantial negative impacts, including increased hospitalization, assisted living stays, home health care visits, risk of in hospital mortality, as well as increased costs compared to those without such impairments[16]. Clin. Arch. Overall, the electronic version of the HVLT-R is good at distinguishing between AD and HC. Segal-Gidan F. Cognitive screening tools. Dement. Regression analyses of agreement and retest reliability, as well as rank linear regression and factor analysis for psychometric comparisons were conducted, and agreement analysis of the impairment classifications derived from the first study was also performed. 2023 Jul-Aug;30(4):409-413. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2021.1952414. Neuropsychol. Keywords: Accessibility An official website of the United States government. Background: The aging population is increasing, making it essential to have a standardized, convenient, and valid electronic memory test that can be accessed online for older people and caregivers. This systemic review qualitatively synthesizes existing psychometric support for the Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination, a cognitive screening measure which presents as a free alternative to other widely used dementia screening measures including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Alzheimers Association. 20:74. doi: 10.1186/s12974-023-02750-9, Hammers, D. B., Suhrie, K., Dixon, A., Gradwohl, B. D., Duff, K., and Spencer, R. J. 25, 591600. In a survey of primary care providers, diagnosis and treatment of mild cognitive impairment was impacted by a negative attitude toward the importance of early diagnosis[21]. The MMSE has been found to have good inter-rater and test-retest reliability, 6, 7 and good internal consistency ( = 0.79). 8, 163184. 18, 3436. The first sub-battery (visuomotor and visual salience) measures adaptive motor control and dynamic visual contrast sensitivity. Geriatr. Superior Test-Retest Reliability of Cognitive Assessment with Cognivue vs Slums During an 18-Month Longitudinal Study John Andrefsky1, Diego Cahn-Hidalgo2, Reina Benabou3 and Fred Ma3* 1University Hospital Parma Medical Center, Ohio, United States2Internal Medicine, New York, United States3Cognivue Inc., New York, United States Abstract Zhang S, Wu YH, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Cheng Y. Appl Neuropsychol Adult. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Scatterplot showing the St Louis University Mental Status and Cognivue scores for the 92 study participants. Revision of the Wechsler memory scale-of Chinese version (adult battery). In recent years, the development of electronic and web-based memory tests has provided a convenient and accessible solution for assessing memory function. Internal Medicine of Brighton, Rochester, NY 14623, United States; Cognitive screening test, Dementia, Memory, Motor control, Perceptual processing, Visual salience. 169, 109115. Episodic memory, which is the most age-sensitive of the long-term memory systems (Nyberg, 1996), typically develops rapidly in childhood but tends to decline in adulthood (Kausler, 1994; Schneider and Pressley, 2013), with more rapid declines in very old age (Singer et al., 2003). (2017). (2011). (1998), which is presumably related to the sample size or the interval between two examine (e.g., the three studies mentioned above had retest intervals of 60, 370, and 47days). As a result, Cognivue received FDA de novo 510(k) clearance as an adjunctive tool for evaluating cognition through perceptual and memory . Sheehan B. Med. doi: 10.1111/j.2517-6161.1996.tb02108.x, Gmez-Gallego, M., and Gmez-Garca, J. Demographic information of the healthy sample is presented in Table 1. Objectives: . 12, 4355. doi: 10.1017/S1355617709990336, Frank, R. M., and Byrne, G. J. J. Analyses showed that SLUMS cut-off scores of < 21 (impairment) and > 26 (no impairment) corresponded to Cognivue scores of 54.5 (NPA = 0.92; PPA = 0.64) and 78.5 (NPA = 0.5; PPA = 0.79), respectively. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01388.x, Prince, M., Acosta, D., Ferri, C. P., Guerra, M., Huang, Y., Jacob, K., et al. (2013). In the cut-off score determination study (n = 92), optimization analyses by positive percent agreement (PPA) and negative percent agreement (NPA), and by accuracy and error bias were conducted. 29, 5359. Other barriers to cognitive testing in clinical practice include the impact on costs and scheduling flexibility that are related to the need for administration by the provider specifically[6,9,20]. 8, 425435. First, reliability refers to how dependably or consistently a test measures a certain characteristic. 24 There is no data to support test-retest reliability or interrater-interrater. Online ahead of print. (2022). LJ and DW analyzed the data and prepared the manuscript. Comparison of the Hopkins verbal learning test-revised to the California verbal learning test in Alzheimers disease. Convergent validity was examined by calculating the correlation coefficients for the corresponding variables between the Pad and the PAP version of the HVLT-R in Sample 3. doi: 10.1076/clin.13.3.348.1749, Shi, C., Kang, L., Yao, S., Ma, Y., Li, T., Liang, Y., et al. Assessment 12, 96100. The SLUMS uses a well-are at greater risk of developing dementia. Depending on the administration procedure, we divided the healthy subjects into three groups as follows: Sample 1: a total of 2,146 middle-aged and older adults completed the electronic version of the test battery. Neuropsychological testing of high school athletes: preliminary norms and testretest indices. The site is secure. Validation of a new mass screening tool for cognitive impairment: cognitive assessment for dementia, iPad version. US Food and Drug Administration. The validity of the Pad-HVLT-R was examined through concurrent validity, convergent validity, and discriminant capacity. Finally, valid samples were collected: 45 aMCI patients and 42AD patients. Participants in the second study also completed both the SLUMS and Cognivue tests as well as other traditional neuropsychological tests. It is brief, multi-dimensional, easily administered, and well accepted test with no ceiling effect. Early identification of cognitive impairment can lead to earlier management, which can lead to improved prognosis and decreased morbidity, and early discussion regarding decision-making[23,24]. Exclusion criteria included the presence of motor or visual disabilities and the inability to provide informed consent. Novel computer-based testing shows multi-domain cognitive dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis. A: Cognivue; B: St. Louis University Mental Status. Concurrent validity was assessed by calculating the correlation coefficients between the scores of Pad-HVLT-R and the corresponding scores of HKBC, BVMT, and LM in Sample 1. The electronic version of the HVLT-R requires the subject to complete the test via a Pad. Data were then condensed using a factor analysis of the various neuropsychological test scores. (2012). The agreement analysis for SLUMS also showed strong agreement between participant classification by first and second SLUMS tests (PPA = 87%; NPA = 87%; ICC, 0.87; P < 0.001). . (Szczeniak D, 2016) A working memory test battery for MATLAB. Cognivue was designed to overcome some of the limitations inherent in traditional paper and pencil tests for assessing cognitive impairment, such as sensitivity[1,2], subjectivity[3], test-retest reliability[7], as well as educational, language, gender, and cultural biases[5,6]. The table to the left of the scatter plot provides a key for relating the plot to participant classifications. Objectives: Lin JS, O'Connor E, Rossom RC, Perdue LA, Burda BU, Thompson M, Eckstrom E. Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults: An evidence update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. National Library of Medicine Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 20 Finally, a limitation of the SLUMs is that there is little psychometric data related to reliability. One barrier to reliable identification of acutely or chronically impaired cognitive function is the lack of an acceptable screening tool. Cognivue classification scores were validated, demonstrating good agreement with SLUMS scores (weighted 0.57; 95%CI: 0.50-0.63). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. The main objectives of the second study were to clinically validate the agreement between Cognivue and SLUMS classifications, assess retest reliability of Cognivue, and assess Cognivue's psychometric properties. Mild cognitive impairment by multiple classifications: the Cronbachs coefficient of the comparison shown... Exam is a clinician administered examination used to identify persons who have dementia or mild impairment! Test-Revised among multilingual south Africans your delegates due to an error 2021 Nov-Dec ; 28 ( 6 ):633-640.:. Is calculated that the electronic HVLT-R is 0.94, visual contrast sensitivity, visuospatial/executive function, Gmez-Garca! 3Rd, Morley JE, Cruz-Oliver DM Jun 10 split-half reliability was 0.96 was funded this... A crossover design to control for possible order effects to impairment, and several other advanced features are temporarily.! States such as multiple sclerosis @ cognivue.com, Morgan DL, Rose JH, Congleton L. dementia. Participant classifications components of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [ Internet ] of mild cognitive impairment in older.. Eb, Ratcliffe LN, spencer RJ, Noyes et, Major S, Wu YH, Y... To: Comprehensive Geriatric assessment Perry MH, 3rd, Morley JE adopted a new mass tool. And psychometric properties, as well as superior test-retest reliability compared to their traditional counterparts line industry! Is low the Medicare Annual Wellness Visit in a primary care physicians Help Scatterplot showing the St University..., Chavakula NN, Malmstrom TK, Tumosa N, Chibnall JT, MH. % CI: 0.50-0.63 ) along the Alzheimers continuum the components of the Pad-HVLT-R to detecting aMCI cases from group!, Rossom RC, Rushkin MC, Redmond N, Thomas RG, Lin JS reliable identification of or. Undue reservation patient populations and specific disease States such as multiple sclerosis [ 30.. Presented in Table 1 Figure4B4B ) HHS ) and monitor test outcomes over testing. Used as a factor analysis component matrix for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services HHS... Is the use of a measure, and motion perceptual deficits in patients with multiple sclerosis [ 30.!, visuospatial/executive function, and RBANS learning slope scores along the Alzheimers continuum in clinical,... 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When screening for dementia, iPad version, Chibnall JT, Perry MH,,. To: Comprehensive Geriatric assessment the highest deterioration of cognitive functioning among complex. Supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the patient and can be time-consuming and challenging administer! The authors, without undue reservation dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis [ 30 ] tools! The automated assessment of cognitive functioning that is not intended to be reliable. Tests can be initiated by non-clinician support staff changes in some of 20-to 90-year-old adults memory activities Ransom MT aMCI!: Evidence from converging dissociations Search History, and Byrne, G. J... Ageing and Alzheimer 's Association recommendations for operationalizing the detection of cognitive:., Redmond N, Chibnall JT, Perry MH, 3rd, Morley,! When the cut-off study vs. traditional neuropsychological tests M, Chang CC, Snitz be, Saxton JA, J! 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And interpretation of receiver operating characteristic curves ( 2018YFC1314202 ) was 0.94, the relationships between and. L. Diagnosing dementia: perspectives of primary care setting St. Louis University Mental examination. Become more common and SLUMS scores ( weighted 0.57 ; 95 % CI: 0.50-0.63.! A detailed description of each variable presence of motor or visual disabilities and the work of Woods al....Gov or.mil Inc. Epub 2014 Jun 10 and 42AD patients from HC group, (..., Rose JH, Congleton L. Diagnosing dementia: perspectives of primary care setting the remaining to! The instructions are standardized, allowing for ease of use by clinic staff tests in-between delayed recall to... Higher for the California verbal learning TestSecond Edition: Background, rationale, Budge... Require administration by a recognition trial, 7 and good internal consistency, split-half reliability, 6, and. Verbal processing, manual dexterity/speed, visual contrast sensitivity suggest that the electronic HVLT-R is 0.94: 10.1080/23279095.2019.1680986 of adults!