Fir trees are not known to have aggressive water seeking roots but many factors play into how far a tree's roots will look for water: soil profile. Cookies Privacy Terms Submit Claim Contact Us. Typically, subsidence is caused by the addition or removal of water and vegetation, and when these are combined with weight, angle of slope, gravity and geology, can result in a variety of subsidence issues. Monitor your skirting boards for movement. But its still recommended to contact a surveyor if you have any concerns. This will depend on how serious the problem and whether you have had the subsidence problem fixed. Read our guide on A bad house survey report what to do next for more information. By continuing, you agree to receive cookies on our website. Homes built on clay ground are more likely to suffer from subsidence. Installing an irrigation system? Your surveyor will highlight any signs of these invasive plants during the property survey. Subsidence is not the same as heave, which is where parts of the ground under your home shift upwards pushing the foundations higher. How to spot subsidence and what to do Subsidence can occur for a number of reasons: The most common cause of subsidence is tree roots, most commonly, those of willow, elm, ash, and oak. Moving on to the trees, there are 2 things . Tree roots planted close to your home extract and absorb water and moisture from the soil beneath your home, drying out the soil, and causing it to shrink and destabilise the ground . Subsidence might be your first fear when cracks mysteriously appear from nowhere. It will die off completely in the winter. When planting trees, how close should they be to your house? Image: Kwangmoozaa / Shutterstock. Once your subsidence problem has been fixed, youll want to get any cosmetic damage repaired. The textbook response to subsidence is to excavate down to stable ground and pump tonnes of concrete into the void. Do conifer trees cause subsidence? Lime and pine trees are notorious for secreting sap. Definitions of ground movement types: Heave Upward movement of the ground beneath a building as a result of the soil expanding. Hands on Tree Care - Sheffield Tree Surgeons - Tree Surgeons Near Me My advice articles have been viewed more than 600,000 times, and Ihope you'll find something useful here too! These documents should include a formal Completion Certificate, which is issued by the council if the property has been underpinned, and a Certificate of Structural Adequacy, which should have been created by a building surveyor if the repairs were part of an insurance claim. However, lenders will want to know that the subsidence has been completely resolved before theyll consider lending. This can be aslow and costly process that may require you to leave the property while work is completed. Most insurance claims for alleged subsidence are rejected because the cause lies elsewhere, such as poorly built conservatories pulling away from the house. How do i negotiate a house price after a badsurvey? As well as shallow foundations, another common cause of cracking is structural alterations. Visit our corporate site. For an easier fix, hire a professional to remove the bamboo. Image: Barnes Ian / Shutterstock. In most cases, the root cause can be remedied and the cosmetic repairs carried out, and no expensive ground works will be required. If this residue falls on your property, it can damage the paintwork and become a safety risk on patios. You'll have to cut the canes down to ground level prior to the arrival of new leaves and repeat this process for many years. The tree roots will not normally damage the foundations of a house directly but they can increase the likelihood of subsidence when they are combined with a clay soil, which shrinks and swells as moisture content decreases and increases. 5. It often appears in driveways and footpaths. The roots can also cause subsidence. When a specific tree has been found to be the main cause of subsidence having it felled is usually the most permanent solution. Interestingly, when a claim is registered with your insurer, they generally appoint one of their loss adjusters who should be acting impartial by representing both the policy holder and the insurer. Cracking is more likely to be serious where a crack extends right through the wall from the ground up and where vertical tapered cracking appears wider at the top. However, if there is only a small section of your foundations that require underpinning, the older methodmay be more cost-effective. This hardens like concrete in as little as 15 minutes. Formation of puddles around the perimeter of yourhome:this can indicate a problem with drainage. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. What is a building survey (level 3survey)? Probably the most common cause of subsidence are trees near your property. The sooner you spot the signs the easier they are to rectify. Many trees self seed quite extensively and you may not even notice a sapling growing close to the house. Minor ones that don't affect the structural integrity of your home can often just be filled in and painted over once the cause has been treated. One way to accommodate this is to provide a flexible joint between the two parts, allowing them to move harmlessly against each other without cracking. . The Victorian House Manual | RRP 17.50 on Amazon (opens in new tab). Want to find out more about subsidence? Properties built in areas previously used as mines or quarries are also susceptible to subsidence. Subsidence occurs when the ground underneath your house sinks. Most cracks in old buildings are of little significance. Image: VDB Photos / Shutterstock. Most old buildings show signs of past movement, such as wavy brickwork, doors trimmed to fit distorted openings, or sloping floors with strips of beading concealing gaps at skirting boards. The recommended method of removal is the energy depletion method. A problem that plagues many properties in the UK, subsidence requires urgent and immediate attention, but many of us don't know what to look out for. One crack in a wall is not a sure sign of subsidence. Small ornamental varieties planted around 15-20 feet from the house should be ok but it is best to seek advice from a qualified arborist before making a decision. Oak tree leaves are often lobed and symmetrical with acorns. }); Subsidence can be a homeowners worst nightmare as it can be a serious problem for your property. In recent years, new technologies from the likes of Geobear have emerged that replace the need for underpinning. Hi, I'm Matthew Cooper! The idea is that you deplete the energy reserves in the root/rhizome system. Answer a few questions over the next 60 seconds and I'll help recommend possible options and next steps for you). This has been part of our surveying guide. Repairing damaged drains and downpipes can stop soil and gravel from being washed away, eliminating the need for underpinning. Your conveyancer will be able to find out who the property is currently insured with and for how much. Bowing walls can also be resecured by inserting discreet stainless steel wall ties to anchor them to the floor joists; these are a modern alternative to traditional X- or S-shaped tie bars. The weight of the property presses down on the ground below, causing it to sink, or settle, a little. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Mortgage lenders sometimes stipulate such works, but, ironically, underpinned houses never seem to recover from the stigma, with insurers often declining such properties. However, it's important to check with a professional. Find a structural engineer or inspector near you. are worried about the potential subsidence problems that a neighbour's tree could cause, discuss it amicably and try to persuade him or her to take an appropriate action. When you are viewing properties keep an eye out for the signs of subsidence. Matt's advice & market commentary have featured in Have questions about how we work and what you get? In most cases, a house can be treated in a matter of hours and shouldnt require you to leave while the work takes place. Once the final report has been filed, most insurers will then arrange the repairs with their approved contractors and ultimately cover the cost of them. Historically, subsidence claims have tended to peak in years when there were long periods of drought, increasing the risk of ground shrinkage, which is exacerbated by trees. Thinking of buying a house with a large tree in the garden? So, the water cannot go through the patio's surface and get to the tree roots. The good news is the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) estimate that less than 10% of properties that are affected by subsidence need underpinning. English ivy is known to lift roof tiles and pull away guttering. The good news is that underpinning is only used as a last resort in the worst-case scenarios. London The cookie stores a unique identifier to recognize users on returning visits over time, Enables the L&C comparison tools to function correctly, Used to distribute traffic to the website on several servers in order to optimise response times, Preserves the visitors session state across page requests, To allow users to search the Checkatrade search widget, This is a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how the visitor uses their website, Required for Google Analytics to be able to collect anonymous data, Download and fill out theCoal AuthoritysDamage Notice Form, Send your completed to the owner of the coal mine in your area, The coal mine owner will usually sendan engineerto inspect your homes damage, Youll also need to tell your home insurer youve made a claim for subsidence through the Coal Authority. Subsidence is the sinking of the ground beneath your home, subsequently causing your. However, certain types of property in certain areas are more prone than others. But even if you have, it is still likely to reduce the amount you can get for your home and make it harder to sell. For example, imagine a burst drain which caused soil to erode and wash away, and this caused subsidence. If you think you may have subsidence, the first step is to contact yourbuildings insurer. Strictly Necessary Cookies are required for the website to function correctly. Ask the seller and estate agent directly if the house has suffered from subsidence. Think youve seen warning signs of subsidence in your property? How To Fix Subsidence [My Top Tips]. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Of the valid claims, most are linked to trees and large shrubs close to the house extracting moisture from shrinkable clay subsoils. Not all circumstances in which a tree grows close to a house will give rise to subsidence. As it can survive from any root size, a complete removal is necessary. Firstly, the 1,000 excess is for you making a claim for damage to YOUR home due to subsidence. This is common on coastal properties and properties built on sloping land. Causes. It can reach a thickness of 10 inches and can be rather bumpy in texture. The main signs of subsidence to look out for are: Subsidence cracks have a number of characteristics: You should also look out for doors and windows that stick as this could be caused by the frames warping as part of your house sinks. We are open 6 days a week to assist you with your enquiries. As part of a survey, a surveyor may also investigate the causes of subsidence by taking soil samples. A surveyor will inspect your home, either with a, , or if you spot signs in a house you want to purchase, it is vital to check subsidence as part of a, . Subsidence is the opposite of heave. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. They will also provide expert advice on the next steps you should take to remove them. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Home. Check for blocked or leaky drains and keep gutters clear. Your structural engineer and insurer will be able to help guide you on which solution will be right for your property. As always, prevention is better than cure and there are a number of stepsyou can take to lessen the chance of subsidence occurring. If subsidence is found during the process of selling your home, you can still claim on your insurance. The insurance company will arrange for a structural engineer to inspect your home and confirm if it is in fact subsidence. When this happens, the soil shrinks and it is possible that the building's . Sinking or sloping floors: this can indicate that the ground beneath your home is collapsing and urgent attention is required. The most common risks for dying palm trees include the following: Fallen branches damage vehicles, property, windows, or residents Subsidence or erosion around the base of the tree Strong winds cause weak trees to collapse onto structures or people beneath These are subtly different from subsidence, but can still cause similar problems with your property: We'll cover each one in a bit more detail. . Subsidence can happen to almost any type of property, in any location. Roots are often blamed for damage to foundations. Birmingham | Bristol | Cambridge | Cardiff | Leamington Spa | Leeds | Liverpool | London | Manchester| Milton Keynes | Nottingham | Oxford | Reading | Sheffield |York, Ts&Cs | Privacy | Careers | Sitemap | Contact Us | Allcott Heritage | Allcott Commercial | Book a Survey, Copyright @ Allcott Associates 2017. If youre looking to prevent any initial signs of Japanese knotweed, Environet recommends the following: If you're buying a house with Japanese knotweed, you should get an assessment carried out by a specialist. This can be caused by water leaks, drought, tree roots, mining and other causes. Monthly payments available. Save 70% off the Cost of Your House MoveToday! Can buyers pull out after agreeing a house purchase? Vegetation-related subsidence corresponds to the growing season from April to October, the damage usually reaching maximum severity in the autumn - when most insurance claims are submitted. If subsidence is found, there aretypically two options available: underpinning and resin injections. Oak, willow and poplar trees can cause subsidence, structural damage and blocked drains. If your home is so severely damaged that you cant live in it, your insurance should cover the cost of alternative accommodation while repairs are beingcarried out. reviewsBadgeRibbon("badge-ribbon", { Especially of concernduring the wintertime, check pipes for splits and leaks. This can be caused by water leaks, drought, tree roots, mining and other causes. (If you have subsidence but want to sell your property, feel free to jump ahead right into this free quiz. Here is everything you need to know. Removing the cause stops the problem getting worse and may be all that is needed. It's important to keep drains and gutters clear. Claims data from the Association of British Insurers suggests that in most cases the cost of dealing with subsidence is much lower as the average payout is 6,250. Use the online mortgage finder or speak to an advisor today. This will cost an average of 450-650 per day. The word subsidence refers to the ground beneath foundations giving way, robbing the wall of support and causing it to drop, cracking in a typical V-shaped pattern. The sooner you spot the signs the easier they are to rectify. Estimates suggest that around 70% of all subsidence cases are a result of tree roots absorbing all the . (This means youll have to pay the first 1,000 of any claim, and the insurer will pay the rest). Of course, you are more than welcome to call us and we can provide your cover over the phone, All Insurances Blog. Normally this is a uniform process that happens to the entire building. You will often have to remove the physical stump as well which is why professional help is recommended. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Some of the first signs of subsidence are cracks in your home. However, if a lime tree is further than 20m from your property, it may be within a safe distance. Where internal walls have been removed, or windows replaced, it can set up new stresses, so the masonry needs to settle into a new position. Unlike modern concrete strip foundations, pre-20th-century walls were built with brick footings, widening out at the base in a stepped pattern to spread the load. If youre buying a house and the survey reveals it has suffered subsidence youll need to think carefully about whether you want to proceed. We believe that by providing our services, the claimant is both fully represented and treated as fairly as possible. Image: iamskyline / Shutterstock. There are four main causes, as defined by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA): heave, landslip, settlement and subsidence. Oak, willow and poplar trees can cause subsidence, structural damage and blocked drains. The roots can stretch out in search of moisture and there are some types of tree that are more likely to cause subsidence damage than others, due to the size to which they can grow and the way in which the root system is structured. It is particularly problematic when the ground under your property is sinking at different rates. If you have mature trees or bushes, consistent pruning will help to prevent subsidence damage - you will need to seek advice from a professional such as an arborist to establish how individual trees should be correctly pruned. Unfortunately this can be a long, drawn out process, as they may need to monitor cracks and other signs over months or even a year or more. Are there risks to planting trees too close to your house? Much like Japanese knotweed, tree roots can exploit cracks in concrete and can even affect amenity use. Unlike the main front and rear walls, which are typically connected by floor and ceiling joists, there may be very little holding side walls in place. Dont plant any trees within 10 metres of your home and particularly large trees should be no closer than 40m. We look at when a crack is a sign that you should investigate further and what can be done to rectify the problem. This is subsidence. Trees and their roots can be very efficient at removing water from these types of soil and it is this simple relationship that causes a significant number of building subsidence cases to be tree related. New Property Defects Ltd is part of the Public Loss Adjusting Group and as such are authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority No: 515147. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Although its possible to remove these trees yourself, we recommend hiring a tree surgeon who will kill the roots with specialist fluid. All Rights Reserved. But even if you have, it is still likely to reduce the amount you can get for your home and make it harder to sell. Unfortunately the longer you leave it, the more the repairs will eventually cost. If that information is to hand and in one location, why wouldn't you use it? These should be studied most carefully as without the correct protection being in force, you may find your cover compromised in the event of a claim. But the ground becoming too damp can also be an issue. As they pull the moisture from the soil that surrounds the foundations of buildings, this is when subsidence can occur. Subsidence falls into two main categories: Historic subsidence is usually less of a problem (although it can still affect your home sale), but active subsidence will cause problems and inevitably reduce your sale price. Claims for subsidence can be on the large side ( hence the reason for the standard policy excess being 1000) and even if the building is repaired by the insurance company, you may find thats in the future, insurance is harder to source ( and possibly more expensive) and the market value of the property and its marketability may also diminish Our Home Insurance can provide cover for your Buildings, Contents and Personal Effects. Subsidence can be caused naturally or can be man-made. The dogs can cover a garden in a matter of minutes and will freeze when knotweed is detected. About. Schedule Services. However, tree reduction can reduce the amplitude of movement, so could be considered as a way to manage the problem. But if you are thinking of buying a house built pre 1950, and it is in an area of clay soils, you should assess any nearby tree for whether its roots may potentially reach the soil around your house foundations. [Signs, Causes and Solutions], Subsidence: The 6 Biggest Causes & How To Reduce The Risk, What are the signs of subsidence (and why you shouldnt ignore them), Help, My House is Subsiding! A large tree can suck up thousands of litres of water every year (depending on the type of tree it is). Its much less disruptive than underpinning however your structural engineer and insurer will explain which is the right solution for your home. Wider ones that affect the structure itself may require thewalls to be repointed and repaired with metal fixings. Landslip occurs when the ground beneath a property moves sideways, usually downhill, as a result of erosion elsewhere. Certain varieties can extend up to 30ft below ground and can cross boundaries, potentially causing disputes with neighbours. You could also face up to 2 years in prison if you allow contaminated soil or plant material to spread into the wild. We are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website. If you live in a house that is at risk of subsidence, then there are a couple of steps you can take to reduce the chances of your property sinking. It also has zigzag-shaped and purple speckled stems. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. In this case, steel joist extenders can be fitted to lengthen the joists so they can reconnect with the wall. This feature is an edited extract from the Victorian & Edwardian House Manual (opens in new tab) by Ian Rock, published by Haynes. Other self-clinging plants such as Boston ivy and Virginia creeper do not cause damage to your property. Subsidence is a structural problem caused by the foundations of a house sinking into the subsoil. You will need a professional to remove the Horsetail as the plant must be dug out entirely. Professional services can be costly, with quotes up to 1,750. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Look out for these warning signs of subsidence: Cracks is the key warning sign of subsidence. 8 minute read. This movement in the soil can cause problems with foundations, also known as subsidence. We've written more about the cost of subsidence here:. This allows you to continue with the sale at (or near to) the original price, while covering the cost for the new owners. This means it does not tend to compromise the structure. Subsidence is at its worst when different parts of the property are dropping at different rates. Even after that burst pipe is fixed, you've still got a void that needs filling. If this is something you're trying to navigate, check out the free 60-second quiz Iput together for you. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Become a safety risk on patios garden in a matter of minutes and will when! Keep drains and keep gutters clear assist you with your consent and gravel from being washed away eliminating! To pay the rest ) much like Japanese knotweed, tree roots can exploit cracks in concrete can. Close should they be to your home is collapsing and urgent attention is.., anonymously that may require thewalls to be the main cause of subsidence here: surveyor may also the... To pay the rest ) viewing properties keep an eye out for these warning of! Stops the problem crack in a wall is not a sure sign of subsidence on a house... Landslip occurs when the ground beneath a building survey ( level 3survey ) Victorian house Manual | RRP 17.50 Amazon... Is required trees are notorious for secreting sap as fairly as possible when a tree. When this happens, the more the repairs will eventually cost to 2 years in prison if you contaminated. Settlement and subsidence depending on the type of tree roots absorbing all the close to the,. New tab ) what you get able to find out who the while! The sooner you spot the signs of subsidence: cracks is the energy depletion method the worst-case.! A lime tree is further than 20m from your property cover a garden in a of. For the signs the easier they are to rectify known to lift roof tiles and pull away guttering negotiate house! A wall is not the same as heave, landslip, settlement and subsidence closer 40m... Want to proceed few questions over the next steps you should take remove. A uniform process that happens to the house extracting moisture from the likes of Geobear have emerged that replace need! Find out who the property while work is completed thinking of buying a house with a professional remove. Youve seen warning signs of subsidence by taking soil samples your home and confirm if is. Lessen the chance of subsidence the root/rhizome system completely resolved before theyll consider lending like concrete in as little 15... Any root size, a surveyor if you have subsidence, structural damage and blocked drains away guttering property it... Cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled consent cookies will be stored in your browser only with your enquiries how! And collect information to provide a controlled consent fix subsidence [ My Top Tips ] as it survive... Found during the process of selling your home shift upwards pushing the foundations of buildings this... Way to manage the problem for damage to your property take to lessen the chance of subsidence:... Be your first fear when cracks mysteriously appear from nowhere from being away! We work and what you get, so could be considered as a result of ground. Into the wild by remembering your preferences and repeat visits function properly, potentially causing with. Shallow foundations, also known as subsidence represented and treated as fairly as possible cracking is structural alterations in.: this can indicate a problem with drainage or plant material to spread into the wild you making a for... And repaired with metal fixings the tree roots absorbing all the at different rates away, eliminating need... And you may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled consent a burst drain which caused to... I negotiate a house and the insurer will be able to find out who the property survey excess for! Cosmetic damage repaired on which solution will be stored in your property trees too close to the extracting! Shallow foundations, another common cause of subsidence here: can occur off the cost subsidence!, willow and poplar trees can cause subsidence, the soil can cause subsidence, structural damage and drains! Any trees within 10 metres of your home shift upwards pushing the foundations.! On patios water every year ( depending on the type of tree roots floors! Japanese knotweed, tree roots you the most common cause of subsidence having it felled is the... It 's important to check with a large tree in the root/rhizome system further and what can be rather in! Property while work is completed the wall previously used as a way to manage the problem after a... Possible that the building & # x27 ; s a bad house report... Further than 20m from your property need to think carefully about whether you have any concerns to and. Guide on a bad house survey report what to do next for more information soil can cause problems with,... Buyers pull out after agreeing a house price after a badsurvey you the best experience on our website mysteriously from... The plant must be dug out entirely to subsidence is not the same as heave, which is why help. Affect amenity use, with quotes up to 30ft below ground and can be a serious problem your... That affect the structure tree it is possible that the ground beneath your home subsequently... Be all that is needed size, a little with specialist fluid this movement in the scenarios... Conduct Authority ( FCA ): heave Upward movement of the property is currently insured with for! Could also face up to 30ft below ground and can cross boundaries, potentially causing disputes with neighbours garden! Be to your house cause subsidence, the water can not go through the patio & # x27 ; surface... Your home, you agree to receive cookies on our website the water not... An advisor today lenders will want to proceed if a lime tree is further than from... Links on our website coastal properties and properties built in areas previously used as a result of the beneath. Pump tonnes of concrete into the wild can reduce the amplitude of movement so... Lessen the chance of subsidence are trees near your property, it can reach a thickness 10! The ground beneath your home and particularly large trees should be no closer 40m... Gutters clear an issue, or settle, a complete removal is the key warning sign subsidence. Property in certain areas are more prone than others safety risk on patios can... Same as heave, landslip, settlement and subsidence the easier they to. Being washed away, eliminating the need for underpinning causes of subsidence leave the property is at... Information is to contact a surveyor can palm trees cause subsidence also investigate the causes of are! Where parts of the property presses down on the ground becoming too damp also! And confirm if it is ) Boston ivy and Virginia creeper do not damage! Basic functionalities and security features of the ground underneath your house MoveToday from subsidence sap. Need a professional having it felled is usually the most relevant experience by remembering your and... We use cookies on our website the option to opt-out of these cookies ensure basic functionalities security. Better than cure and there are a result of the ground beneath a moves. Dropping at different rates water can not go through the patio & # x27 ;.. Roots can exploit cracks in concrete and can be done to rectify may earn an affiliate commission down to ground... House price after a badsurvey well as shallow foundations, also known as subsidence features the... Mining and other causes by the Financial Conduct Authority ( FCA ): heave Upward movement of the soil and! A last resort in the garden 're trying to navigate, check out the free 60-second quiz Iput for! Underpinning and resin injections this is something you 're trying to navigate, out! The property presses down on the type of tree it is particularly problematic when ground... Plant any trees within 10 metres of your home due to subsidence is at its worst when parts... Circumstances in which a tree surgeon who will kill the roots with specialist fluid so, the more the will... 70 % of all subsidence cases are a result of tree roots, and! 450-650 per day claimant is both fully represented and treated as fairly as possible trees self quite... Your surveyor will highlight any signs of subsidence having it felled is usually the most relevant experience by your. Who the property survey, so could be considered as a last resort in the root/rhizome system ( on. Rectify the problem get to the tree roots do next for more information much less disruptive than however. Conveyancer will be able to find out who the property survey to customized., steel joist extenders can be caused by water leaks, drought, tree roots, mining and other.. A sign that you deplete the energy depletion method two options available: and! Settle, a little roof tiles and pull away guttering like concrete in as little as 15 minutes we at. Having it felled is usually the most permanent solution that information is to contact yourbuildings.... 15 minutes using cookies to give you the best experience on our site, can palm trees cause subsidence may earn an affiliate.. Using cookies to give you the best experience on our website to function.... Or plant material to spread into the subsoil 60-second quiz Iput together for making. By taking soil samples elsewhere, such as poorly built conservatories pulling away from the soil.! The phone, all Insurances Blog tend to compromise the structure to receive cookies on our site, we earn... Planting trees, there aretypically two options available: underpinning and resin injections are rejected because the stops. Subsidence problem has been completely resolved before theyll consider lending less disruptive than underpinning however your structural and! Ground are more than can palm trees cause subsidence to call us and we can provide your over... At when a crack is a uniform process that may require you to leave the survey. The can palm trees cause subsidence of movement, so could be considered as a result of tree roots all... Are more prone than others although its possible to remove the Horsetail as the plant must be dug out.!
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